Russia, Ukraine: Has Europe successfully stopped relying on Russian oil and natural gas?

Europe is dependent on fossil fuels such as oil and natural gas from Russia.

According to data from theเกมสล็อตResearch Center for Energy and Clean Air (CREA), since the Russian invasion of Ukraine Europe paid more than $146 billion worth of oil and natural gas from Russia.

So far, after almost a year of war and nine rounds of sanctions against Russia, how much can Europe stop relying on Russian fossil fuels?

"Russian Fortress"

President Vladimir Putin has been preparing for an economic war since he was hit with sanctions following his annexation of Crimea. His well-known economic team has earned Russia the nickname "Fortress Russia," or "Russian Fortress," a country whose economic strength is ready to take on any storm.

Over the past 8 years, Russia has accumulated a huge reserve currency. and export more fossil fuels than ever before. They also invest in technology and products from Europe and critical infrastructure such as natural gas storage and crude oil refineries in Europe.